Max Graf was born in Vienna, and was described as the “dean of music critics” in the first part of the twentieth century.
 
René Leibowitz was a French composer, conductor, music theorist, and teacher. He began studying the violin during his youth and performed recitals in Warsaw, Prague, Vienna, and Berlin. His love for music continued into his adulthood as he studied composition with Arnold Schoenberg and Anton Webern. During this time, he began to conduct and made his official debut as a conductor in 1937. However, his career was put on hold during World War I, so he spent his time writing several books about music and the techniques he learned at the Schoenberg school. Today, Leibowitz is most notable for promoting Schoenberg’s twelve-tone method of composition. He died in Paris, France, in 1972.
 
Ivan Martynov was a Russian Jesuit priest who was appointed at the Saints Cyril and Methodius Society to bring to light the Russian and Slavic religious and historical heritage. He became involved in religious journalism and archaeology while writing in French journals and keeping people informed about Russian scientific and literary life. In 1866, he founded the Slavic Library, which later became the richest library in Western Europe. Martynov died in Cannes, France, in 1894.