Global Scientific Practice in an Age of Revolutions, 1750-1850

Global Scientific Practice in an Age of Revolutions, 1750-1850

Global Scientific Practice in an Age of Revolutions, 1750-1850

Global Scientific Practice in an Age of Revolutions, 1750-1850

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Overview

The century from 1750 to 1850 was a period of dramatic transformations in world history, fostering several types of revolutionary change beyond the political landscape. Independence movements in Europe, the Americas, and other parts of the world were catalysts for radical economic, social, and cultural reform. And it was during this age of revolutions—an era of rapidly expanding scientific investigation—that profound changes in scientific knowledge and practice also took place.

In this volume, an esteemed group of international historians examines key elements of science in societies across Spanish America, Europe, West Africa, India, and Asia as they overlapped each other increasingly. Chapters focus on the range of participants in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century science, their concentrated effort in description and taxonomy, and advancements in techniques for sharing knowledge. Together, contributors highlight the role of scientific change and development in tightening global and imperial connections, encouraging a deeper conversation among historians of science and world historians and shedding new light on a pivotal moment in history for both fields.

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780822944546
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Publication date: 07/08/2016
Edition description: 1
Pages: 392
Product dimensions: 6.40(w) x 9.30(h) x 1.40(d)

About the Author

Patrick Manning is Andrew W. Mellon Professor Emeritus of World History and Director, World History Center at the University of Pittsburgh.
Daniel Rood is assistant professor of history at the University of Georgia, Franklin College.

Table of Contents

Preface ix

Acknowledgments xiii

Introduction: Building Global Perspectives in History of Science: The Era from 1750 to 1850 Patrick Manning 1

Part I Exchanges Among Ways of Knowing

Chapter 1 Between Bureaucrats and Bark Collectors: Spain's Royal Reserve of Quina and the Limits of European Botany in the Late Eighteenth-Century Spanish Atlantic World Matthew James Crawford 21

Chapter 2 Hurricanes on the Gulf Coast: Environmental Knowledge and Science in Louisiana, the Caribbean, and the United States, 1722-1900 Eleonora Rohland 38

Chapter 3 The History and Influence of Maria Sibylla Merian's Bird-Eating Tarantula: Circulating Images and the Production of Natural Knowledge Kay Etheridge 54

Part II Evolution of the Linnaean Vision

Chapter 4 Linnaeus's Apostles and the Globalization of Knowledge, 1729-1756 Kenneth Nyberg 73

Chapter 5 Local, Universal, and Embodied Knowledge: Anglo-Swedish Contacts and Linnaean Natural History Hanna Hodacs 90

Chapter 6 How Eighteenth-Century "Travelers in Trade" Changed Swedish Perceptions of Economic Systems Göran Rydén 105

Part III Debates On Description and Taxonomy

Chapter 7 The Slow Science of Swift Nature; Hummingbirds and Humans in New Spain Iris Montero Sobrevilla 127

Chapter 8 Félix de Azara and the Birds of Paraguay: Making Inventories and Taxonomies at the Boundaries of the Spanish Empire, 1784-1802 Marcelo Fabián Figueroa 147

Chapter 9 Los Pichiciegos; Scraps of Information and the Affinities of Mammals in the Early Nineteenth Century Irina Podgomy 163

Part IV Logistics, Management, and Planning

Chapter 10 Mapping the Global and Local Archipelago of Scientific Tropical Sugar: Agriculture, Knowledge, and Practice, 1790-1880 Leida Fernández-Prieto 181

Chapter 11 "Squares of Tropic Summer" The Wardian Case, Victorian Horticulture, and the Logistics of Global Plant Transfers, 1770-1910 Stuart McCook 199

Chapter 12 Stamping Empire: Postal Standardization in Nineteenth-Century India Devyani Gupta 216

Part V Labor and Economics in History of Science

Chapter 13 The Great Data Divergence: Global History of Science within Global Economic History Jessica Ratcliff 237

Chapter 14 Toward a Global Labor History of Science Daniel Rood 255

Notes 275

Bibliography 345

List of Contributors 387

Index 393

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